PEMETAAN DATA TINGKAT AFP DAN KETERSEDIAAN SPESIMEN TAHUN 2024 DAN 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37081/rum-kes.v1i3.28Keywords:
Surveilans AFP, Pemetaan Spasial, Kualitas Spesimen, Eradikasi Polio, Sulawesi SelatanAbstract
Surveilans Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) merupakan komponen kritis dalam mempertahankan status bebas polio Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan memetakan distribusi kasus AFP serta ketersediaan spesimen di Sulawesi Selatan tahun 2024-2025 menggunakan desain deskriptif retrospektif dengan analisis cross-sectional data sekunder dari laporan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi. Hasil menunjukkan heterogenitas spasial yang signifikan dalam kinerja surveilans dengan tingkat AFP berkisar 0,8-3,2 per 100.000 anak di bawah 15 tahun, dimana beberapa kabupaten mencapai target WHO ≥2 per 100.000 sementara yang lain masih di bawah ambang minimal. Kualitas pengumpulan spesimen mencapai rata-rata 67%, masih di bawah target WHO 80%, dipengaruhi oleh keterlambatan pengiriman, kondisi cold chain tidak optimal, dan ketidakpatuhan protokol. Karakteristik epidemiologi menunjukkan pola konsisten global dengan kasus terbanyak pada anak laki-laki usia 1-4 tahun dan Guillain-Barré Syndrome sebagai diagnosis utama. Pemetaan ini mengidentifikasi area yang memerlukan penguatan surveilans dan memberikan dasar pengambilan kebijakan berbasis bukti untuk meningkatkan efektivitas deteksi dini poliovirus serta memelihara status bebas polio Indonesia jangka panjang.
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